Inhibiting factors in digital supply chain implementation: Technology, organization, and environment framework study of the stilt-house industry in Tomohon City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58784/cfabr.509Keywords:
digital supply chain, inhibiting factors, Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE), traditional craft industry, qualitative case studyAbstract
Digital transformation has reshaped supply chain management, yet adoption among small, traditional enterprises remains uneven. This study analyzes the factors inhibiting Digital Supply Chain (DSC) implementation among stilt-house (rumah panggung) producers in Tomohon City, a wood-based craft industry of cultural significance in North Sulawesi. A qualitative exploratory case study was analyzed through the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. Data came from eight informants (four owners, two employees, one timber supplier, one customer), selected purposively, through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed with the Miles–Huberman–Saldaña interactive model, with source and technique triangulation. DSC implementation remains simple and not integrated: electric machinery in production, smartphones in marketing, and phone calls and WhatsApp in procurement operate as isolated applications. Barriers appear in all three TOE contexts: cost, limited electrical infrastructure, and unavailable equipment (technology); comfort with conventional systems despite adequate basic competence (organization); and supplier distance and unmet expectations of government support (environment). Informants consistently reported benefits from the technology in use, so barriers constrain the depth and integration of adoption rather than negate its value. The case also suggests, as an interpretation, that some manual work (e.g., hand-carving) persists as valued craft practice rather than an unmet digital need, qualifying deficit-based readings of traditional industries.
Downloads
References
Adiwijaya, S., Harefa, A. T., Isnaini, S., Raehana, S., Mardikawati, B., Laksono, R. D., Saktisyahputra., Purnamasari, R., Ningrum, S. W., Mayasari., Sari, N., & Muslim, F. (2024). Buku ajar metode penelitian kualitatif. PT Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Agusfiano, P. N., Andayani, U. S., Anwar, A., Sihombing, L., & Setiawan, A. (2023). Pengantar bisnis (respons dinamika era digital). Seval Literindo Kreasi.
Aisyah, S., Rokan, M. K., & Putri, F. (2023). Analisa faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan transformasi digital UMKM Kota Dumai SKR dan Syauqi (studi perbandingan). ISOQUANT: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 7(2), 229–240. https://doi.org/10.24269/iso.v7i2.2294
Baker, J. (2012). The technology–organization–environment framework. In Y. K. Dwivedi, M. R. Wade, & S. L. Schneberger (Eds.), Information systems theory: Explaining and predicting our digital society (Vol. 1, pp. 231–245). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6108-2_12
Barratt, M., & Oke, A. (2007). Antecedents of supply chain visibility in retail supply chains: A resource-based theory perspective. Journal of Operations Management, 25(6), 1217–1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.01.003
Bilad, A., Zaim, M., & Zaim, F. (2026). Revisiting the TOE model in emerging economies: Evidence from Moroccan digital transformation. Digital Transformation and Society. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTS-04-2025-0097
Butt, A. S., & Alghababsheh, M. (2025). Exploring the barriers and enablers of technology adoption for managing social sustainability in supply chains. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 126(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-01-2025-0014
Butt, A. S., Alghababsheh, M., & Awan, U. (2025). Barriers to the adoption of the metaverse in digital supply chains. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 38(6), 1803–1830. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-09-2024-0500
Cahyadi, L. D. C. R., Suryantari, E. P., & Murti, A. A. G. K. (2023). Analisis faktor kesiapan digital dalam melakukan adopsi digital pada UMKM. Jurnal Akuntansi Profesi, 14(2), 354–364. https://doi.org/10.23887/jap.v14i02.65519
Dafitri, R., & Daryani, D. (2025). Sistem hambatan berlapis digitalisasi UMKM kuliner: Studi kualitatif berbasis kerangka TOE. Jurnal Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan, 21(3), 153–164. https://doi.org/10.31940/jbk.v21i3.153-164
Deral, D., Köse, Ş. G., & Kazançoğlu, İ. (2024). Barriers to digital supply chain management: A qualitative research. Yildiz Social Science Review, 10(1), 28–42. https://doi.org/10.51803/yssr.1480396
Elock, S. C., & Break, J. N. (2023). Digitalisation et industrie 4.0 au sein de la supply chain: Contributions et freins [Digitalization and industry 4.0 within the supply chain: Contributions and barriers]. Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle, 37(2), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.53102/2023.37.02.953
Endey, A. R., Palandeng, I. D., & Sumarauw, J. S. B. (2025). Analisis penerapan teknologi informasi PHINNISI pada supply chain management di Pelindo Bitung. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 13(3), 310–321. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v13i03.63419
Faiz, F., Le, V., & Masli, E. K. (2024). Determinants of digital technology adoption in innovative SMEs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(4), Article 100610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100610
Febriana, V., Rahmani, N. A. B., & Silalahi, P. R. (2025). Digital supply chain integration in tofu MSMEs of Rambung Merah Village. Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies, 26(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21070/ijins.v26i3.1505
Frediansyah, M. R., & Tricahyono, D. (2023). Identifikasi faktor-faktor penghambat implementasi transformasi digital pada UMKM. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi), 7(2). https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v7i2.3194
Gunawan, I., & Wahyuni, H. C. (2024). Buku ajar supply chain management dan aplikasinya (M. Multazam & W. Mahardika, Eds.; 1st ed.). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo Press.
Hartono, A. W., Adiba, Makhrisyafrisal, M., & Hidayat, A. (2025). Digitalisasi UMKM Toko Genteng PD. Sentra Atap: Solusi inovatif untuk meningkatkan daya saing di era pasar online. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis, dan Sosial (EMBISS), 5(4), 429–435. https://doi.org/10.59889/embiss.v5i4.414
He, J., Fan, M., & Fan, Y. (2024). Digital transformation and supply chain efficiency improvement: An empirical study from A-share listed companies in China. PLOS ONE, 19(4), Article e0302133. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302133
Ivanov, D., & Dolgui, A. (2021). A digital supply chain twin for managing the disruption risks and resilience in the era of Industry 4.0. Production Planning & Control, 32(9), 775–788. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2020.1768450
Khan, Y., Su'ud, M. B. M., Alam, M. M., Ahmad, S. F., Ahmad, A. Y. A. B., & Khan, N. (2023). Application of Internet of Things (IoT) in sustainable supply chain management. Sustainability, 15(1), Article 694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010694
Mili, Z. M., Daga, T. A., Ni'mah, K., Suparman, & Putra, P. S. (2026). Metodologi penelitian terpadu (T. Daga, Ed.). CV Ihsan Cahaya Pustaka.
Minasa, S., Sya'bandyah, F., Abdul Muhaemin, M. N., & Juliandani, B. (2024). Sistem informasi pengelolaan inventaris UMKM berbasis web dengan pendekatan agile. Infotronik: Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Elektronika, 9(2), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.32897/infotronik.2024.9.2.3783
Mintardjo, C. M. O., Tempenawas, J. L. A., Philipus, C. R., Ogi, I. W. J., & Sumual, J. I. (2026). Model pelatihan dan pendampingan kewirausahaan berbasis teknologi bagi UMKM: Implementasi pada Kelurahan Molas, Kecamatan Bunaken, Kota Manado. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 14(1).
Nasirly, R., Magdalena, L., Suardi, S., Sugihartanto, M. F., Rahman, A. F., Rahmad, N., Subawa, S., Savitri, N. A., Navianti, D. R., & Kurniawan, S. (2024). Buku ajar supply chain management (E. Efitra & N. Safitri, Eds.). PT Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Paparini, S., Papoutsi, C., Murdoch, J., Green, J., Petticrew, M., Greenhalgh, T., & Shaw, S. E. (2021). Evaluating complex interventions in context: Systematic, meta-narrative review of case study approaches. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-021-01418-3
Permadi, R. N. (2025). Tantangan dan hambatan UMKM dalam melakukan digitalisasi: Studi kasus di Kabupaten Jayapura, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, & Kota Surabaya. JIIP: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pemerintahan, 10(2), 175–189. https://doi.org/10.14710/jiip.v10i2.27916
Petropoulos, F., Akkermans, H., Aksin, O. Z., Ali, I., Babai, M. Z., Barbosa-Povoa, A., Battaïa, O., Besiou, M., Boysen, N., Brammer, S., Brandon-Jones, A., Briskorn, D., Browning, T. R., Buijs, P., Centobelli, P., Chiarini, A., Cousins, P., Cudney, E. A., Davies, A., . . . Zheng, T. (2026). Operations & supply chain management: Principles and practice. International Journal of Production Research, 64(1), 330–513. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2025.2555531
Pourmorshed, S., & Durst, S. (2022). The usefulness of the digitalization integration framework for developing digital supply chains in SMEs. Sustainability, 14(21), Article 14352. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114352
Purnomo, S., & Purwandari, S. (2024). Determinan adopsi teknologi digital pada UMKM di Indonesia. Sketsa Bisnis, 11(2), 296–318. https://doi.org/10.35891/jsb.v11i02.5536
Putri, F. A., Anshori, S. R., Hasibuan, P. I., & Hayati, F. (2025). Analisis faktor penghambat adopsi teknologi digital pada UMKM di era transformasi digital: Studi kasus pada Warung Nenek. IKRAITH-EKONOMIKA, 8(3), 1626–1638. https://journals.upi-yai.ac.id/index.php/IKRAITH-EKONOMIKA/article/view/6004
Rachmawaty, A., Surya, I., & Alaydrus, A. (2025). Transformasi digital: Peluang strategis untuk pengembangan kompetensi ASN (W. E. Darmawan, Ed.). CV Eureka Media Aksara.
Raintung, M. C., Tindi, R. G., Dien, Y., Tulung, J. E., Ogi, I. W. J., & Mintardjo, C. M. O. (2026). Model pelatihan dan pendampingan pemasaran digital nelayan berbasis teach–train–tools–track di Kelurahan Molas. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 14(1), 434–440. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v14i1.66853
Saputra, M., Yuliana, R., Jonathan, D., Ariesta, G., Wahyunifitriyani, C., Fadillah, F., Rini, S. A., Hanan, S., Jahiri, M., & Pinangkis, S. (2025). Just in time. CV Underline.
Setiawan, M., & Wijayanti, A. (2024). Identifikasi faktor utama penghambat pengembangan bisnis daring bagi UMKM menuju Indonesia ekonomi digital. Jurnal Manajemen Jambi, 7(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.35141/jmj.v7i1.1083
Sholihin, M., & Anggraini, G. P. (2021). Analisis data penelitian menggunakan software STATA. Penerbit Andi.
Simorangkir, Y. N., Nuryanti, Y., Suroso, Iskandar, J., & Pebrina, E. T. (2025). Digital transformation in small and medium enterprises: A qualitative study of adoption challenges and strategies. Journal of Information Systems and Management, 4(6), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.4444/jisma.v4i6.1233
Sitompul, P. S., Sari, M. M., Lumban Gaol, C. M. B., & Harahap, L. M. (2025). Transformasi digital UMKM Indonesia: Tantangan dan strategi adaptasi di era ekonomi digital. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Digital Terkini, 2(2), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.61132/jumbidter.v2i2.487
Soeprapto, E. F., Partiwi, S. G., & Widyaningrum, R. (2026). Synergizing innovation: Examining the TOE readiness influence, ambidextrous capabilities, organization resilience on craft SMEs. Emerging Science Journal, 10(1), 559–576. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2026-010-01-028
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Sutopo, Ed.; 3rd ed.). Alfabeta.
Tompunu, D. F., Soegoto, A. S., & Palandeng, I. D. (2023). Strategi pemanfaatan digital marketing untuk meningkatkan pembelian konsumen pada Stray Store Manado. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 11(4), 686–694. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v11i4.51730
Win, A., Robotis, A., Malindretos, G., Akyüz, G. A., Kanapathy, K., Mocan, M., & Jaziri, R. (2025). Supply chain management strategies, innovation, and sustainability. https://doi.org/10.64054/9798269918716
Zainurrafiqi, & Gazali. (2024). Supply chain digitalization, green supply chain, supply chain resilience toward competitiveness and MSMEs performance. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 22(1), 175–192. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2024.022.01.14
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Herry Lucky Lombote, Agus Supandi Soegoto, Jessy J. Pondaag
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Under this license then authors free to:
- Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
- You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
- No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
